Need to know something about lubricant / engine oil
Lubricant is a blood-like substance near the engine. Just as humans cannot survive without blood, so the engine is useless without engine oil.
👀 Simply put, what is lubricant / engine oil?
Friction occurs in any moving part, and friction will result in wear and tear. Lubricants are what we use to reduce this wear and tear. This means that we use lubricants to reduce the erosion caused by friction (not to stop but, it is not possible).
There is no shortage of moving parts in that car. The engine, the wheel, everything has moving parts. Is there anything called engine oil for the engine, gear oil for the gears, wheel for the wheels or wheel oil?
Yes, the grease we use on the wheels is also lubricant. Grease but e is used to reduce friction.
Just as there are three states of matter, lubricants and three states are semi-liquid instead of just gas.
Liquid lubricant (engine or gear oil)
Semi-liquid lubricant (grease)
👌 No more solid lubricants (graphene, not used in cars)
There is also brake oil, but it is not a lubricant because it transmits power, friction does not reduce corrosion.
Does this lubricant work now?
1) Reduce friction ..
2) Smoothness increases as friction decreases.
3) If smoothness increases, power loss decreases.
4) Power is lost as heat, so since power loss is reduced, it means less heat is released, which means it also does the work of lubricant cooling.
5) If you do so much, the cost of the car will be reduced and the maintenance cost will be reduced.
We did 4-5 hours of work and we saw how they are related to each other.
👀 Now we will know what are the characteristics of a good lubricant ...
1) Viscosity Index:
Viscosity Index should be high (not too high again, should be appropriate). Viscosity is the barrier that prevents fluid from flowing. As honey flows more slowly than water, it means more obstacles. That means honey has more viscosity. The one whose viscosity is high is not compressed too much or is compressed too little. Again this Viscosity decreases as the temperature increases. And Viscosity Index is the change of Viscosity with temperature.
2) Flash and Fire Points:
Operating Flash and Fire Points means the lubricant will ignite on its own if it does not have to be higher than the temperature of the area or area where it will be used.
3) Cloud and Pour points:
Cloud and Pour points operating means the lubricant must be lower than the temperature where it will be used. If the lubricant is cooled slowly, it will cool down and become like fog for a while. If it cools down further, it will not flow for a while. The first condition is called Cloud Points and the second condition is called Pour Points. Now if Cloud and Pour Points are not much less then it will be seen that in cold country lubricant will accumulate and become like ice.
4) Oiliness:
It must have a much more oily feeling.
There are other things like if the volatility does not have to be low, the lubricant will fly away, the detergent quality must be good, the carbon deposit must be low.
👀 So far we have seen what is a good lubricant? What are its properties and why or which lubricant would be called a good lubricant. Now the thing is, there is no end to the good, he went to the market holding a lubricant in his hand and said, "Brother, how can you understand that it is good then? It is not sweet anymore. That opportunity does not exist in the case of lubricants. The way then?
👉 👉 The way is that there are some institutes (API, SAE) which give grading based on the classification and characteristics of the lubricant. We all need to understand which lubricant we need to use. This is what Enrique does.
Let us know some common engine oil classifications and what they are used for.
API - American Petroleum Institute
SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers)
JASO - The Japanese Automotive Standards Organization
“S” grade stands for Petrol vehicles. (Sprak Ignition)
“C” grade stands for Diesel vehicles. (Compression)
"W" for Winter
Multi grade
Single grade
EP - Extra Pressure
MA - Grade for Wet Clutch type vehicles (HIGH FRICTION VEHICLES. Non Clutch Slipping Oil)
MA2- Next version of MA (HIGH FRICTION VEHICLES Non Clutch Slipping Oil)
MB - LOW FRICTION VEHICLES (NOT RECOMMENDED. Clutch Slipping Oil)
👀 Now let's see what kind of lubricants are available in the market. There are 3 types of lubricants available in Bangladesh from more than 50 companies.
Mineral lubricant
Synthetic lubricant
Semi-synthetic lubricant
Now where is the difference between these gulara?
The difference is BASE OIL.
Now the question is what is this again?
Everything has a basic ingredient, such as rice is cooked with rice, kachchi and hay, khechuri, payes, jorda and many more. At the root of all these is rice and that is BASE. Similarly, the main ingredient for lubricants is called Base Oil. All companies make lubricants by adding different ingredients to this base oil.
This Base Oil is again of 3 types-
1) SN-150
2) SN-500
These two minerals are used to make lubricants.
3) SBS-150
Used in making synthetic lubricants.
The quality of synthetic lubricants is very good. This means that all the properties of a good lubricant are greater than those of a mineral lubricant.
Some companies make semi-synthetic lubricants by mixing synthetic lubricants with mineral lubricants. And its quality depends on the ratio of mineral lubricant to synthetic lubricant.
👀 Now some code is used as the identity of the lubricant. This explains some of its features. May be written on the bottle of lubricant
SN / CI, SAE 10W30 or SAE 20W50
Let me first explain SN or CI.
The first two letters here mean two things.
S is for petrol or SI Engine
C is for CI or Diesel Engine.
So if you want to buy lubricant for a bike, make sure you have an S and a C for a bus truck.
Now goes to the next two letters,
Technology is advancing day by day, many high quality cars are being made and of course the quality lubricant that was made 100 years ago for that car will not be used. That means lubricant oil is being upgraded day by day. Last Letter indicates how much the lubricant has been upgraded.
When the lubricant was first made for the petrol engine it was named, SA then the original SB then SC then SD thus SL, SM and now the latest version SN, there is no lubricant oil upgraded from this for the petrol engine.
Similarly for diesel engines it was first CA then CB is now available up to CI. This means that the more the last letter is upgraded.
I hope you understand what SN means and what CI means!
কোন No lubricant for any engine. Now should I use the same oil for the petrol engine of the vehicles of European countries and the petrol engine of the vehicles of Bangladesh?
The temperature there goes down to -10 in winter and in Dubai it goes up to 40 degrees in summer. It has already been said that one of the main characteristics of lubricant oil is its viscosity which again changes with "temperature". If the same oil is used in Dubai and Germany then the performance will fluctuate a lot. Isn't it?
Hence a name is given depending on the change of Viscosity with temperature.
Such as: SAE-5, SAE-10, SAE-30, SAE-60 etc.
The higher the SAE, the higher its viscosity.
Now there is another grade for winter country which is also available in our country.
That is to add a W after SAE.
For example: SAE 10W, SAE 20W, SAE 20W
SAE 10W means that its viscosity is 3500 cP at -20 degrees and at maximum -25 degrees it can be pumped at the same speed as SAE-10, below which it can no longer be pumped.
The following information for different quality and different grades shows that the grade or engine oil does not work below that temperature:
0 ° C (32 ° F) - 5W-20, 5W-30, 10W-30,10W-40,20W-50
-18 ° C (0 ° F) - 5W-20, 5W-30, 10W-30, 10W-40.
BELOW -18 C (0 ° F) - 5W-20, 5W-30.
Now what if a car drives from Dubai to Germany? With this in mind a multi-grade lubricant is made and most car companies recommend this multi-grade lubricant.
Such as: SAE 10W40, meaning it will support grades from SAE 10W to SAE 40.
What used to be called mono grade lubricant is commonly used in marine engines or power plant engines. Prices are lower than mono grade and multi grade.
For now, the basic technical part is this, a lot has to be omitted because writing too much can create a lot of confusion, but I hope that even if you understand as much as you have written, you will understand a lot.
I may be wrong in this writing.
If there is any problem, please tell me. Your favorite vehicle has long been a good performer. Thanks